1. Regular washing refers to ordinary washing. It's just that the washing method we are familiar with in our daily life has been changed to mechanical. The water temperature is around 60°-90°C, a certain amount of detergent is added, and after about 15 minutes of regular washing, it is rinsed with clean water and softener is added. This makes the fabric softer, more comfortable, and looks more natural and clean visually. Generally, based on the length of washing time and the amount of chemicals used, regular washing can be further classified into light regular washing, regular washing and heavy regular washing. Generally, a light general wash takes about 5 minutes, a general wash about 15 minutes, and a heavy general wash about 30 minutes (this time is not precise). There is no clear boundary among these three washing methods.
2. STONE WASH/Stone Grinding (STONE WASH) Stone wash involves adding pumice of a certain size to the washing water to grind the pumice against the clothes. The water level in the grinding tank is maintained at a low level where the clothes are fully soaked, so that the pumice can come into good contact with the clothes. Before grinding the stone, it can be roughly washed or rinsed, or rinsed after grinding. According to the different requirements of customers, yellow stone, white stone, AAA stone, artificial stone, rubber balls, etc. can be used for washing to achieve different washing effects. After washing, the fabric surface will show a grayish and old feeling, and the clothes will be slightly to severely damaged.
3. ENZYME WASH: Enzyme is a cellulase. Under certain PH values and temperatures, it can degrade the fiber structure, allowing the fabric surface to fade relatively gently, shed fibers (creating a "peach skin" effect), and achieve a lasting soft effect. Stones can be used in combination or instead of stones. If used in combination with stones, it is usually called ENZYME STONE WASH.
4. SAND WASH: Sand wash often uses some alkaline and oxidizing additives to give clothes a certain fading effect and an aged feel after washing. If combined with a stone mill, a layer of soft, frost-white fluff will form on the surface of the fabric after washing. Adding some softeners can make the washed fabric soft and gentle, thereby improving the comfort of wearing.
5. CHEMICAL WASH Chemical wash mainly achieves the purpose of fading by using strong alkaline additives (such as NaOH, NaSiO3, etc.). After washing, the clothes have a relatively obvious aged feeling. When softeners are added, the clothes will have a soft and plump effect. If stones are added to the CHEMICAL WASH, it is called CHEMICAL STONE WASH, which can enhance the fading and wear effects, thereby giving the clothes a strong sense of aging. Chemical stone Wash combines the effects of chemical wash and stone wash, and can achieve an aged and fuzzing effect after washing.
6. BLEACH WASH (BLEACH WASH) To give the clothes a bright white or bright appearance and a soft touch, the clothes need to be bleach after regular washing with clean water, heated to 60°C, with the appropriate amount of bleach agent (bleaching agent) added, for 7-10 minutes until the color is consistent. When operating, the direction of adding bleach should be consistent with the rotation direction of the cylinder to avoid the bleach not being diluted with water quickly and directly falling on the clothes, causing local bleaching. Before bleaching, the water level in the tank should be slightly higher to facilitate the dilution of the bleaching water. After the clothes are bleached, the remaining bleach in the water is neutralized with large (small) soda (Na2CO3, NaHCO3) to completely stop the bleaching process. After rinsing with clean water, add detergent, fluorescent brightener, hydrogen peroxide, etc. to the water temperature of 50°C for the final washing, neutralize the PH value, fluorescent brightener, etc., and finally carry out softening treatment. Rinsing can be divided into oxygen bleaching and chlorine bleaching. Oxygen bleaching utilizes the oxidation effect of hydrogen peroxide at a certain PH value and temperature to destroy the structure of dyes, thereby achieving the purpose of fading and whitening. Generally, the surface of the bleached fabric will slightly turn red. Chlorine bleaching utilizes the oxidizing effect of sodium hypochlorite to destroy the structure of dyes, thereby achieving the purpose of fading. The fading effect of chlorine bleach is rough and it is often used for rinsing indigo denim. After bleaching the plates, the residual chlorine in the water and clothes should be neutralized with sodium thiosulfate to stop the bleaching. If the STONE grinding is carried out after bleaching, it is called BLEACH STONE.
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7. DESTROY WASH: After the ready-made clothes are polished with pumice and treated with additives, they will suffer a certain degree of damage in some parts (such as the bone area, collar corners, etc.), and the washed clothes will have a relatively obvious aged effect.
8. Snowflake washing: Soak dry pumice in potassium permanganate solution, then directly rub it against the clothes in a special rotating cylinder. By rubbing the pumice onto the clothes, potassium permanganate oxidizes the friction points, causing the fabric surface to fade irregularly and form white spots similar to snowflakes.
The general process of snowflake washing is as follows: Soak pumice in potassium permanganate - dry grind pumice with clothes - snowflake effect matching board - Take out the clothes and wash them off with clean water in the washing tank to remove the stone dust on the clothes - neutralize with oxalic acid - wash with water - apply softener.
9. The MOUSTACHE EFFECT is a WHISKER, but the term "WHISKER" is more professional. Cat whiskers are a type of HAND BRUSH. They are merely ground into the shape of cat whiskers.
10. Sandblasting, also known as SPRAY STONE WASH/SAND BLAST, is the process of grinding fabric with specialized equipment (figuratively speaking, it is a large electric toothbrush, only in the form of a roller), usually accompanied by an inflatable model.
11. The essential difference between MONKEY WASH and sandblasting is that the former is a chemical process while the latter is a physical one. Spraying macaque is a process where potassium permanganate solution is sprayed onto the clothing with a spray gun as per the design requirements, causing a chemical reaction that fades the fabric. The degree of decolorization is controlled by the concentration and injection volume of potassium permanganate. In terms of effect, the color of the spray-painted monkey fades evenly, with both the surface and inner layers fading, and it can achieve a very strong fading effect. However, sandblasting only causes fading on the surface layer, and physical damage to the fibers can be seen.
12. Pigment wash/pigment dyed wash, also known as "one-sided coating/paint dyeing", means this washing method is specifically designed for garments that have been dyed with paint. Its purpose is to strengthen the original bright color and increase the softness of the hand feel.
13. ENZYME WASH Enzyme is a cellulase that can operate at a certain PH value and temperature.